Dr. Stephen D. Cairns

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Field of Focus
  • Systematics
  • Biological Oceanography
Area of Expertise
Systematics; Zoogeography; Mineralogy; Phylogeny of Neogene to Recent Scleractinia (Deep Water and Reef Corals) and Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals); Coral Reef Biology
Education
  • Ph.D., University of Miami, Miami, Florida, U.S.A., 1976
  • M.S., University of Miami, Miami, Florida, U.S.A., 1973
  • B.A., University of New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A., 1971

Dr. Cairns is a Research Zoologist and Curator of Cnidaria with the Smithsonian Institution. His current projects include the study of the biogeographic affinities of the deep-water Scleractinia and Octocorallia using cluster analysis and multi-dimensional scaling techniques.

Among the many of his papers cited in Felder and Camp (eds., 2009), Gulf of Mexico–Origin, Waters, and Biota. Vol. 1. Biodiversity are the following:

Cairns, S. D. 1977. Sea Grant Field Guide Series 6: Guide to the Commoner Shallow-Water Gorgonians (Sea Whips, Sea Feathers and Sea Fans) of Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Region. University of Miami Sea Grant Program, Miami. 74 pp., 27 figs.

Cairns, S. D. 1977. Biological Results of the University of Miami Deep-Sea Expeditions. 121. A review of the Recent species of Balanophyllia (Anthozoa: Scleractinia) in the western Atlantic, with descriptions of four new species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 90(1): 132–148, 4 pls.

Cairns, S. D. 1977. Biological Results of the University of Miami Deep-Sea Expeditions. 125. A revision of the Recent species of Stephanocyathus (Anthozoa: Scleractinia) in the western Atlantic, with descriptions of two new species. Bulletin of Marine Science 27(4): 729–739, 16 figs.

Cairns, S. D. 1978. A checklist of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Gulf of Mexico, with the description of a new species. Gulf Research Reports 6(1): 9–15, 1 pl.

Cairns, S.D. 1979. The deepwater Scleractinia of the Caribbean and adjacent waters. Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and Other Caribbean Islands 57(180): 1–341, 40 pls, 60 maps.

Cairns, S. D. 1982. Stony Corals: (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa, Scleractinia) of Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. Pp. 271–302 in K. Rützler and I. G. Macintyre, eds. The Atlantic Barrier Reef Ecosystem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. I. Structure and Communities. Smithsonian Contribution to the Marine Sciences, number 12, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

Cairns, S. D. 1986. A revision of the northwest Atlantic Stylasteridae (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 418: 131 pp.

Cairns, S. D. 1999. Species richness of Recent Scleractinia. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 1–12.

Cairns, S. D. 2000. A revision of the shallow-water azooxanthellate Scleractinia of the western Atlantic. Studies of the Natural History of the Caribbean 75: 231 pp., 215 figs.

Cairns, S. D. 2001. Studies on western Atlantic Octocorallia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa). Part 1: The genus Chrysogorgia Duchassaing and Michelotti, 1864. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 114(3): 746–787, 18 fig.

Cairns, S. D. 2001. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 615: 75 pp., 14 pls.

Cairns, S. D. (ed.). 2002. Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates From the United States and Canada: Cnidaria and Ctenophora. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 28. 115 pp.

Cairns, S. D, and F. M. Bayer. 2002. Studies on western Atlantic Octocorallia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa). Part 2: The genus Callogorgia Gray, 1858. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 115(4): 840–867, 11 figs.

Cairns, S. D., and F. M. Bayer. 2003. Studies on western Atlantic Octocorallia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa). Part 3: The genus Narella Gray, 1870 . Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 116(3): 617–648, 14 figs.

Cairns, S. D., D. R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C. B. Castro, D. G. Fautin, P. R. Pugh, C. E. Mills, W. C. Jaap, M. N. Arai, S. H. D. Haddock, and D. M. Opresko. 2002. Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada

Cairns, S. D., and R. E. Chapman. 2002. Biogeographic affinities of the North Atlantic deep-water Scleractinia. Pp. 30–57 in J. H. M. Willison, J. Hall, S. E. Gass, E. L. R. Kenchington, M. Butler, and P. Doherty, eds. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Deep-Water Corals. Ecology Action Theatre and Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax.

Cairns, S. D., B. W. Hoeksema, and J. van der Land. 1999. Appendix: list of extant stony corals. Atoll Research Bulletin 459: 13–46.

Viada, S. T., and S. D. Cairns. 1987. Range extensions of ahermatypic Scleractinia in the Gulf of Mexico. Northeast Gulf Science 9(2): 131–134, 1 fig.

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