William Calkins was a 19th century botanist, mycologist and a conchologist while also being a business owner and practicing law. He collected fungi, lichens and sea shells.

Calkins served in the 104th Regiment of the Union Army during the U.S. Civil War.

Relevant to the biota of the Gulf of Mexico, William Calkins has published the following:

Calkins, W. W. 1878. Catalogue of the marine shells of Florida, with notes and descriptions of several new species. Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences 2: 232–252.